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Second in the West
Robbery of Central Pacific’s № 1 Train at Pequop Siding
On
October 13, soldier Edward Carr was at Sallie Whitmore’s bordello
located two miles south of Camp Halleck in Elko County, Nevada. He
became embroiled in an affray with a sergeant and was badly beaten. He
hurried back to camp for his carbine and returned to Sallie’s place. He
fired a single round at his antagonist, but hit the madam in the groin
inflicting a fatal wound. Carr was arrested for murder and taken to Camp
Halleck, where he was to be turned over to Constable William Baugh. The
lawman planned to take his prisoner to the city of Elko, but soldiers
threatened to rescue Carr and the constable, fearing for his safety,
left his prisoner at the camp and returned to town for a posse. When
Baugh returned the next morning Carr and his five friends were gone. A
post muster revealed that six soldiers had deserted and, when a train
was robbed three weeks later, they would be suspected and this would
lead to delays and confusion over the identities of the guilty parties.
On November 4, 1870 Central Pacific’s train No. 1 left San Francisco
heading eastbound for Salt Lake City. Just after midnight the train
crossed into Nevada when it was robbed by a gang of seven men at Verdi.
With telegraph wires cut, the train had to proceed to Reno to make the
report, and was delayed for several hours while lawmen were notified.
The train took on more treasure at Reno and then continued on its way.
An hour before midnight on the same day the train had traveled 385 miles
and was approaching Nevada’s border with Utah, east of Pequop Siding and
west of Toano and still about fifteen miles from the more prominent town
of Independence. Only twenty-one hours had passed since Central
Pacific’s train № 1 had experienced the first train robbery in America’s
west, when two men jumped onto the engine and two more onto the rear
platform of the express car. The crew was quickly captured and the
engine, tender and express cars were uncoupled and pulled westward to
Pequop Siding. One robber was left to guard the trainmen while four
others approached the express car.
This time Frank Minch, the same messenger who had been robbed at Verdi,
managed to hide $10,000 in newly minted gold coins behind a rack of
lanterns, and he also hid 23 packets of mail. He then admitted the
robbers and they took all they could find, a small sum totaling only
$3,100. They immediately fled into the desert, leaving the engine to
back down the line and pick up the passenger coaches. As soon as the
train arrived at Toana, Division Superintendent Gillett sent an engine
with several men to Wells to form a posse, and also to gather
intelligence regarding the robbers. By daylight he had three different
posses on their trail and also started an engine and boxcars from
Carlin, which stopped at Elko to pick-up Elko’s county sheriff J. B.
“Ben” Fitch and a posse of nine men with fresh horses. The similarity of
both robberies led lawmen to first believe it might be the same gang.
Sheriff Fitch and Wells, Fargo detectives went to Pequop Siding, the
site of the second train robbery, to search for clues. A glove was found
with the name of Edward Carr on it and a brass compass engraved with the
name “William H. Harvey” was found on the floor of the express car. It
was learned that Carr and Harvey were two of the six soldiers who had
deserted from the Third Cavalry unit posted at Camp Halleck. The
deserters then became the prime suspects in the second robbery. The
robbery at Verdi was the first time Wells, Fargo & Company had suffered
a loss in a train robbery, and now there was a second loss on the same
day, and the company was outraged. Company superintendent John J.
Valentine quickly issued a notice of reward:
$5,000
Reward,
The express car on the eastern bound passenger train of the Central
Pacific Railroad was forcibly entered near Pequop, Nevada, last evening,
and robbed of our treasure. We will pay $2,500 reward for the arrest and
conviction of the robbers, or proportionately for each and $2,500 reward
for the recovery of the treasure, or proportionately for any part of it.
Wells, Fargo & Co.
Elko, November 6, 1870.
Wells,
Fargo & Company offered a similar reward for the robbers of the train at
Verdi, the U. S. post office offered another $500, and the State of
Nevada added $20,000 to the reward fund. After the robbery at Pequop
various dispatches reported sightings of the robbers: “Toano, Nevada,
Nov 7th. Two suspicious characters with jaded horses, without blankets
or provisions, were seen about ninety miles south of here this morning,
and were supposed to be two of the parties who robbed the Express car on
the night of the 5th. Parties are now in pursuit of them.” Two telegrams
dated November 8 were received at Toano: “A mining camp ninety miles
south of this place [Deep Creek, Utah], two suspicious characters had
passed there on horse-back in an easterly direction avoiding the camp;”
and “Two more came on horse back, heavily armed, and stopped long enough
to purchase provisions and then left, going in an easterly direction.
They displayed a number of $20 [gold] pieces, coined at San Francisco
and dated 1870, and large rolls of greenbacks. No doubt these are the
men who committed the deed. Deputy Sheriff Moffitt and party have left
in pursuit of them. Lieut. King, with a detachment of thirty cavalry,
left Toano on the 8th inst.” Two of the men seen were wearing army
uniforms, which added to the mistaken belief they were deserters. The
men were easily tracked across the desert by five posses, one a troop of
U. S. cavalry from Camp Halleck.
A dispatch to the Ogden Junction [Utah] dated November 12 said: “H. P.
Kimball and J. L. Knowlton were dispatched on Wednesday last by the
agent of Wells, Fargo & Co., in pursuit of four suspicious characters,
about whom he had received a telegram. On their way out west, they
obtained the assistance of Mr. Judd, and soon after came up with two men
on horseback, Baker & Morton, who answered to the description furnished
them. They captured one without resistance, but the other tried to make
his escape, being pursued by Mr. Knowlton, and was finally taken after a
sharp chase, but his saddle bags were gone, and he said he had thrown
them in the water– $100 in greenbacks and 50 ounces of gold were found
on their persons. They were taken to Salt Lake on Thursday, and locked
up in jail. The stream near the woolen factory at Grantsville, was
subsequently dragged and two bags of gold, and $1200 in greenbacks
fished up and handed over to the proper officers.” Leander Morton and
Daniel Boone Baker had captured in a desolate area 85 miles south of the
Great Salt Lake. Morton, when apprehended, had on a pair of buckskin
gloves marked in ink, “W. H. Harvey” and marked with Harvey’s company.
This connected these men to the train robbery and to the deserters; but
these men were not among the deserters but they had, at some time,
acquired the items from the deserters.
Kimball and Riley Judd later captured a third member of the gang who
gave the name Daniel F. Taylor, and he was brought into town on the
evening of November 22, 1870. It was reported that a fourth robber,
whose name was George Lee, was taken about the same time by officers,
but later it turned out that it was only his name that was learned and
he had eluded capture. The fifth robber was never identified. The three
prisoners, after being lodged in jail at Elko, confessed their guilt. In
the November 30, 1870 edition of the Elko Independent [Nevada] it was
reported that “Daniel Taylor, Daniel Baker and Leander Morton have been
indicted for robbing the Wells, Fargo & Company express car and the U.S.
Mail.” On January 14, 1871 the Independent reported: “The Railroad
Robbers, – The three railroad robbers, Dan Taylor, Leander Morton and
Daniel Baker, have been on trial during the present week in the District
Court, and the case, after argument of counsel, reached the jury at 4
o’clock P.M. yesterday who, after being out a few minutes, returned a
verdict of guilty. They will probably receive the full extent of the
law provided for such offences; after which a United States Court will
take them in hand, and if found as charged in the indictment by the U.S.
Grand Jury, recently in session in Carson City, they will be hanged.
Rather a gloomy prospect for the boys.” The Elko County jury had
deliberated only a few minutes before returning the guilty verdict and
on January 17, 1871 Daniel Taylor, Daniel Baker and Leander Morton were
sentenced to serve 30 years each in the Nevada State Penitentiary. On
January 19 they started their long prison terms: Taylor registering as
prisoner № 70, Morton as № 71, and Baker as № 72.
On Sunday evening, September 17, 1871, twenty-nine of Nevada’s most
desperate outlaws broke out of the Nevada State Penitentiary at Carson
City, well armed from the prison armory. Daniel Baker and Leander Morton
were among those who escaped, but Daniel Taylor failed to join them.
Some of the convicts went their own way while others split into smaller
groups, and one of these parties consisted of Morton, Tilton Cockerell,
Charley Jones, Moses Black, John Burke, and J. Bedford Roberts. This
party of six convicts fled south through Esmeralda County and on
September 20 captured William Poor, a young man carrying mails between
Aurora and Carson. They murdered him, stole his clothes and boots, and
continued southwest toward California.
Posses from Bodie and Aurora went after the six escapees and picked up
their trail. On September 25 the posse came across Morton, Roberts and
Black on the slopes of the Sierras and, in a brief exchange of shots,
posseman Morrison was killed and convict Roberts was seriously wounded.
The posse retreated a short distance to regroup while the escapees made
their way upwards to the place where Paiute Indian tracker Mono Jim was
holding his and deputy sheriff Hightower’s horses. Black murdered the
Indian and they took the horses to make their escape. Two days later,
exhausted by their flight across hard country, Morton and Black were run
to ground in the sand hills 5 miles southeast of Round Valley. Morton
gave up without a fight but, as Black raised his hands, an Indian
tracker thought he was raising a gun and fired, causing a mortal head
wound. The two men were taken to town and left there while the lawmen
went after Roberts, his location disclosed by Morton and Black. Black
soon died of his wound and, since the farmers had to dig one grave, they
hanged Morton and buried both men in unmarked graves. When the lawmen
returned with Roberts the farmers told the lawmen that both prisoners
had died, but refused to tell them where they were buried. They made no
attempt to lynch Roberts due to his young age, only 18 at the time, and
his willingness to tell all he knew – which disclosed that he had not
been involved in the murder of Poor, Morrison, or Mono Jim, nor of Matt
Pixley during the break-out.
Daniel Baker made good his escape and it was not until three years
later, in 1874, that Wells Fargo’s detectives tracked him down and
arrested him in Corvallis, Oregon. He had been in that city for two
years, where he had married and earned a reputation as an honest, sober
and industrious citizen. He was returned to Carson City where he served
two years more before being granted a pardon on July 15, 1879. Baker
returned to his wife and child who, in the meantime, had moved to Idaho.
Daniel Taylor, who failed to join his fellow train-robbers in the “Big
Break-out,” was pardoned on January 15, 1878 and discharged within a few
days.
George Lee, alias Lee Morgan, eluded capture. A dispatch, dated
December 19, reported that: “The post office Department offered a reward
of $25,000 for his [Lee’s] arrest concerning his role in the robbery of
the Central Pacific train near Pequop, Elko County, Nevada on November
5, 1870. The Central Pacific Company offered $1,000, gold coin,
additional, and Wells, Fargo & Co., $500. A handbill was issued giving
his description in full.” Lee was never captured and the fifth robber
was never identified.
Daily State Record [Reno, NV]: September 29, 1870; September 19,
1871; September 29, 1871: October 8, 1871. Deseret News [Salt Lake City,
UT]: November 23, 1870. Elko Independent [NV]: November 9, 1870; January
14, 1871; November 18, 1871. Gold Hill Daily News [NV]: November 7-8,
1870; December 16, 1870; December 19, 1870; October 7-8, 1871; November
16, 1876. Humboldt Register [NV]: November 12, 1870; November 19, 1870,
January 4, 1871. New York Herald [NY]:, November 23, 1870. Reno Evening
Gazette [NV]: March 4, 1901. Territorial Enterprise [Virginia City, NV]:
October 6, 1871. Weekly Nevada State Journal [Reno, NV]: November 18,
1876; December 22, 1940.
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